Tập 1 Số 01 (2019): Special collection of papers 2019 (English version)

Objectives: To study the implementation of the center for disease control (CDC) model at the provincial level from 2015 to the present, and to analyze pros and cons of the implementation of this model. Methods: The study applied cross-sectional design, combining quantitative and qualitative. Quantitative study applied self administration questionaires in 63 provinces across the country from April to July 2019, and qualitative research conducted with 52 key informants through 15 in-depth interviews and 4 focus group discussions in Hanoi, Lao Cai, Daknong, and Ba Ria Vung Tau. Quantitative data was analysed by SPSS. Qualitative data was transcribed, coded and analysed using Mindjet Mindmanager. Results: Preparation for CDC agenda setting and policy development was from 2012-2016, and the pilot was in 2017. By July, 2019, there were 52/63 provinces have established CDC model, 7 provinces were in process of approal, and only 4 provinces have not developed project proposal. In general, the implementation of the CDC model in provinces was on track of Vietnam Ministry of Health’s roadmap. The implementation process was relatively quick. Some of the initial difficulties in implemention included a surplus of administrative personnel, not having a head office, and financial management. Conclusion: The implementation of the CDC model is relatively smoothy and ensures the roadmap of the Ministry of Health. The study recommends learning exchanges among provinces that have and going to implement the CDC model to learn from experience in assigning tasks and management more effectively.  

Objectives: 1) Describe the results of implementing the infectious disease warning information system and public health events in Quang Ninh province, April 2019; and 2) Assess the quality of reported information on the infectious disease surveillance system in Quang Ninh Province, April 2019. Methods: Using a cross-sectional descriptive design, the study was conducted in all 7 provincial/district hospitals, 14 district health centers and 40/186 commune/ward health stations in   Quang Ninh province from January 06, 2019. Information was collected from case reports, monthly reports, and staff who are responsible for infectious disease reporting. Data were entered and analysed using excel. Results: 100% of units assigned staff to act as focal points for online reporting according to circular 54 and EBS report; 100% of units had a good Internet connection speed for statistics and reporting. However, up to 44.2% of units still lack of computers; only 55.7% of units recorded warning signs about public health events. In addition, 73.7% of cases were updated late on software according to Circular 54; up to 82.5% of outpatient cases and 72.6% of medical examination and treatment cases were missed without reporting in the system. Conclusion: It is crucial to draw solutions to improve the quality of the surveillance information system at all levels, to build a data-linkage system to collect completeness, accurately and timely information about infectious diseases.

Objectives: This paper aims to describe the training needs for Bachelor of Rehabilitation Techniques in Viet Nam. The findings will serve as evidence for the Hanoi University of Public Health to decide on opening training courses for Bachelor degree of Rehabilitation Techniques in Viet Nam. Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional design with quantitative, qualitative and secondary data. The quantitative sample included 116 people, in-depth interviews with 10 staff working in public and private establishments in Ha Noi, Ho Chi Minh City, and Hai Duong. Findings: The training for Bachelor of Rehabilitation Techniques is in line with the needs and the policies of the Ministry of Health, which is reflected in the National Plan for Rehabilitation development in Viet Nam. 89.6% of participants in the Rehabilitation workforce agreed that there is a need to strengthen training this kind of Bachelor; and the rate of alumni having a stable job in the field is very high (97%). Physical therapy is the content that should be focused on the training program, training contents should also include occupational therapy and speech therapy, and the courses should be clinical practice-centered ones. Conclusion: The study shows the need to have a training program for Bachelor in Rehabilitation techniques, focusing mainly on physical therapy, in combination with speech therapy and occupational therapy, with a majority of curriculum parts being clinical practice.

Abstract Objective: To assess food safety management for bottled water processing premises and affecting factors. Study design: this was a cross sectional study; applied both quantitative and qualitative methods. This study was implemented in Dak Lak Province in 2019. 105 documents of bottled water processing premises in Dak Lak 2018 and related stakeholders participated in this study. Results: the process of certifying premises that met food safety conditions in 2018 was 89.5% being appropriate; 81.0% were certified for food safety knowlegde; 76.9% premises violated food safety regulations and 100% of these violated premises received administrative fines. Affecting factors included: policies supporting staff working in the food safety sector was inappropriate, the monitoring and inspection activities were not frequent, human resource only achieved 84%, lack of offices, working places and equipment needed, and achieved budget was only accounted for 17.0% of the estimated. Conclusions: a number of bottled water processing premises did not maintain adequate food safety conditions after receiving the Certification. The food safety management activities at these premises did not meet requirements. Further investments were needed to improve the management food safety management at bottled water manufacturing premises in the coming years.

Objective: To assess the microbiological contamination level in edible ice produced in three districts: Cau Giay, Nam Tu Liem and Bac Tu Liem according to QCVN 10:2011/BYT regulation (National Technical Regulation for Edible Ice) by identifying five microbiological indicators. Methods: Tests were conducted for detection and enumeration of five microbiological indicators in edible ice samples collected from 28 ice manufacturing plants in three districts: Cau Giay (8 facilities), Nam Tu Liem (10 facilities) and Bac Tu Liem (10 facilities) according to QCVN 10:2011/BYT by membrane filtration technique. Results : Contaminations were observed in a total of 27 out of 28 edible ice samples collected from ice manufacturing plants in Cau Giay, Nam Tu Liem and Bac Tu Liem districts with microbiological indicators including P. aeruginosa (23 samples), Total Coliform (22 samples), S. feacal  (12 samples), E. coli (5 samples) and Spores of sulfite-reducing anaerobes (0 samples). Moreover, the percentage of edible ice contaminated with E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. feacal  was significantly higher among samples collected from Bac Tu Liem compared to those of Cau Giay and Nam Tu Liem. Conclusion : The contamination rate of edible ice samples from ice manufacturing plants in three districts of Cau Giay, Nam Tu Liem and Bac Tu Liem was at a high level according to QCVN 10:2011/BYT regulation. Therefore, appropriate interventions are needed to reduce the microbiological contamination of edible ice, thus improving quality of life and health of residents in those three districts of Ha Noi.

Background : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder among children, which is increasing worldwide and in Vietnam. This study reports the prevalence of autism spectrum disorders and examines their relation to selected factors (individual and familial factors) among children aged 18-30 months in Hoa Binh province, 2017. Methods : This was a cross-sectional study among 5,893 children aged 18-30 months in three districts/city in Hoa Binh province, using M-CHAT to screen children with high risks of ASD in the community. All of M-CHAT positive cases (101 cases) and about 2.5% of negative cases (155 cases) were invited for ASD diagnosis, in which 97 positive and 149 negative cases were diagnosed by pediatric psychiatrists from Vietnam National Children’s Hospital with criteria in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4 th Edition (DSM-IV). Epidata 3.1 and SPSS 20 were used for the data entry and analysis. Results : The overall prevalence of ASD among children aged 18-30 months in the study sites was 7.3‰. The odds of having ASD were significantly higher among those who were boys, living in urban area, having relatives with psychiatric disorders, birth defects and mothers with miscarriage, and induced abortion history. Conclusion : Our study revealed that the prevalence of ASD among children seems to be increasing. ASD was significantly correlated with individual and familial factors. Further and large-scale studies are needed to investigate the ASD prevalence and its related factors.

Objective: To describe the awareness of parents and caregivers on drowning prevention for children under 15 in 8 provinces, Viet Nam, 2018. M ethods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 849 people who are parents/caregivers representing households with children under 15, living in the same area with drowning cases being recorded in statistics for the period 2015 - 2017. Data collection was conducted through quantitative interviews with structured questionnaires. Findings: Awareness of parents/caregivers on child drowning risk and prevention was fairly good. A high proportion of parents (98.4%) considered ponds, lakes and rivers as the most risky places for drowning. Boys were at a higher drowning risk compared to girls; 92.1% of parents thought that swimming lessons were an effective drowning prevention measure and children should start learning to swim at the age ranging from 6 -11 (61,8%). Conclusion: Parents/caregivers had awareness of risk factors, causes, possibilities as well as drowning prevention measures for children.

Objective : To understand the patterns and associated factors of reproductive tract infections among married women aged from 18 to 49 in Dong Phu Commune, Long Ho District, Vinh Long Province in 2018. Methods : A cross-sectional study was conducted with 420 married women aged 18-49 by systematic sampling. Participants were invited to have a gynecological examination and answer a questionnaire at Dong Phu commune health station. Results : Of 420 women, 43.6% had lower reproductive tract infections, and those who had bacterial vaginosis accounted for 36.2%, vaginal candidiasis accounted for 9.3%, and Trichomonas vaginalis accounted for 1.0%. Factors associated with lower reproductive tract infections, including occupation, abortion history, and adherence to treatment, were found in this study. Conclusion : The prevalence of genital tract infections (by one of three types) is 43.6%. It is necessary to enhance counseling services and behavior change communication for women who work as peasants, gardeners, fisherwomen, housewives; and to improve the quality of abortion services and the awareness of treatment adherence.

Background: Population aging is one of the most important trends of the 21 st century. Evidence shows an increase in morbidity, hospitalization, mortality, and functional impairment associated with mental disorders in the elderly, in which depressive disorder is one of the most common mental disorders. Objectives: This study aims to 1) describe the situation of depression and 2) analyze some associated factors in the elderly with depression in Chuong My district, Ha Noi, 2019. M e thods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 376 elderly people (aged 60 years and older) who were randomly selected in Chuong My district, Ha Noi, 2019. Results: The results show that the prevalence of elderly people with depression was 26.1% (18.6% of mild depression, 6.1% of moderate depression and 2.4% of severe depression). Factors associated with depression in the elderly including gender, education level, family economy, living arrangement, current job, the need for psychological support and participation in social activities were statistically significant (p< 0.05). Conclusion : Recognizing depression among the elderly is crucial to help us design public health programs. Proper screening for early depression, enhancing social supports and increasing accessibility to the mental health services may improve the mental life of the elderly.

Objective To describe the international scientific publication capacity of medical, public health and pharmacy universities, faculties and research institutes in Vietnam in 2019. M ethodology This was a cross-sectional study. The research participants included 2,200 lecturers, researchers of medical, public health and pharmacy universities, faculties and research institutes in Vietnam who already had personal accounts on the ResearchGate database by June 2019. Results Five institutes with the highest proportions of lecturers, researchers who had more than 30 international scientific articles were National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology (NIHE) (15.8%), Hanoi University of Public Health (HUPH) (11.15%), Ton Duc Thang University (TDTU) (9.5%), Department of Medicine and Pharmacy of Hanoi National University (5.5%) and Hanoi Medical University (3.1%). Based on h-index, the measure of productivity and the impact of research on the international scientific community, results showed that institutes with the highest proportions of lecturers, researchers with h-index ³ 10 were NIHE (19.3%), HUPH (9%), Military Medical Academy (5%), TDTU (4.8%) and Nguyen Tat Thanh University (3.8%). Conclusion The international scientific publication capacity of the majority of medical, public health and pharmacy universities, faculties and research institutes in Vietnam was still quite limited. In general, Public Health faculties/universities/institutes had higher international scientific publication capacity than the pharmacy and medical institutions.